Quick answer
The 16 Stage 1 Competencies: the short answer
The Stage 1 competency standard is what Engineers Australia assesses a CDR against. It has three groups — Knowledge and Skill Base, Engineering Application Ability, and Professional and Personal Attributes — containing sixteen elements for Professional Engineer and Engineering Technologist.
How the standard is organised
Engineers Australia publishes one Stage 1 standard per occupational category. All follow the same three-group structure, and the element numbers carry a prefix naming your category:
- PE — Professional Engineer
- ET — Engineering Technologist
- EA — Engineering Associate
PE1.3 and ET1.3 address the same theme at different depths. Use the prefix matching the category you are applying under. A summary statement full of PE labels in an Engineering Technologist application tells the assessor you wrote to the wrong standard before they read a single episode.
The three groups are not equally weighted in practice. Knowledge elements are relatively easy to evidence, professional attributes are easy to evidence and easy to fumble, and the four application elements are where reports are won or lost.
Group 1 — Knowledge and Skill Base
| Element | What it asks | Evidence that works |
|---|---|---|
| PE1.1 | Theory-based understanding of underpinning natural and physical sciences | The physics or chemistry you applied — thermodynamics, mechanics of materials, electromagnetics — used inside a calculation |
| PE1.2 | Conceptual understanding of maths, numerical analysis, statistics, computer science | The analytical or statistical method behind your result, not the software that ran it |
| PE1.3 | In-depth understanding of specialist bodies of knowledge | Discipline-specific theory: soil mechanics, protection coordination, process simulation, ventilation network theory |
| PE1.4 | Discernment of knowledge development and research directions | A paper, a new standard or an emerging technique you researched and then applied |
| PE1.5 | Knowledge of engineering design practice and contextual factors | Codes you selected, plus the cost, environmental and social constraints that shaped the design |
| PE1.6 | Scope, principles and accountabilities of sustainable engineering practice | A sustainability, safety or ethical constraint that changed your design |
PE1.4 is the one most often left bare, because it sounds academic. It is not. Every engineer has looked something up they did not already know — a standard newly issued, a method unfamiliar to them, a technical paper consulted for an unusual problem. Write that down.
Group 2 — Engineering Application Ability
These four are the heart of the assessment.
| Element | What it asks | Evidence that works |
|---|---|---|
| PE2.1 | Application of established engineering methods to complex problem solving | A problem, the method you chose, why you chose it, and the numbers that followed |
| PE2.2 | Fluent application of engineering techniques, tools and resources | Software used with judgement — including a check on the output |
| PE2.3 | Application of systematic engineering synthesis and design processes | A design you took from requirement through options to detail |
| PE2.4 | Systematic approaches to the conduct and management of projects | Planning, scheduling, risk and resource decisions you made |
PE2.3 is the element that fails reports. Applicants from construction, maintenance and operations backgrounds frequently have no episode containing a design they personally developed. If that describes you, find one before submitting — temporary works, a design change you proposed, a university project. It does not have to be large. It has to be yours.
PE2.2 has a subtlety worth noting: the phrase is fluent application with judgement. Running ETABS is not evidence. Running ETABS, hand-checking the result, and finding a 4% difference that told you the mesh was adequate — that is evidence.
Group 3 — Professional and Personal Attributes
| Element | What it asks |
|---|---|
| PE3.1 | Ethical conduct and professional accountability |
| PE3.2 | Effective oral and written communication in professional and lay domains |
| PE3.3 | Creative, innovative and pro-active demeanour |
| PE3.4 | Professional use and management of information |
| PE3.5 | Orderly management of self, and professional conduct |
| PE3.6 | Effective team membership and team leadership |
These are easy to evidence and easy to get wrong. The failure mode is asserting rather than showing.
Asserted: "I have excellent communication skills and always maintained the highest ethical standards."
Shown: "During factory acceptance testing I found the hydrostatic test certificate referenced a different serial number from the vessel delivered. The programme was two weeks late and the site manager asked whether it could be accepted pending paperwork. I declined, documented the discrepancy, and required a witnessed re-test under AS 1210. The re-test passed and delivery slipped four days."
Ethics is demonstrated by a decision that cost something. So is proactivity. So is communication — the specific report you wrote, the specific meeting where you translated a technical constraint into commercial language.
Planning coverage before you write
Build a grid: sixteen rows, three columns. Before drafting a word, mark which episode will carry which element.
You are checking two things. Full coverage — every element ticked at least once. And reasonable distribution — no episode left carrying two or three elements while another carries eleven.
Then write to the plan. Moving an element from episode two to episode three on a planning grid takes a minute. Discovering after 6,000 words that all three episodes demonstrate the same five elements costs a rewrite.
This is also the difference between a summary statement that is built and one that is retrofitted. A retrofitted summary statement is where broken paragraph references come from — the writer needed PE1.4 somewhere, and pointed at the closest paragraph rather than one that actually demonstrates it. Assessors check.
How coverage is actually assessed
Two rules that resolve most confusion:
Coverage is across all three episodes combined. No single episode needs all sixteen elements. Each element needs to appear at least once, somewhere, referenced to a specific numbered paragraph.
References point at paragraphs, not pages. Your summary statement cites 1.7, 2.11, 3.4 — the numbered paragraphs inside your episodes. That is why the MSA booklet requires continuous paragraph numbering within each episode, and why an unnumbered episode cannot be assessed.
One element referenced three times across three episodes is stronger than one referenced once, but breadth beats depth here: an unevidenced element is a direct route to a negative or deferred outcome, while a thinly evidenced one usually is not.
If you have already written your episodes and want to know where you stand, our CDR review audits coverage element by element and verifies every reference against the paragraph it points at.
Stage 1 and Stage 2 are not the same standard
Applicants sometimes read about Stage 2 competencies and worry they are being assessed against them. They are not — but knowing the difference is useful, because Stage 2 is where you will end up later.
| Stage 1 | Stage 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| What it measures | Entry-level competence on graduating | Competence to practise independently |
| Used for | Migration skills assessment | Chartered status, NER registration |
| Evidence | "I performed the analysis" | "I made the engineering decision and was accountable for it" |
| Assessed via | CDR, or an accredited qualification | Competency claims, evidence and a professional interview |
The practical sequence for a migrating engineer is Stage 1 for the visa, then Australian experience, then Stage 2 for registration once you have local evidence that referees can attest to. Attempting Stage 2 before you have that evidence is the common mistake.
Worth knowing now rather than later: the CPD record you build for your CDR is the beginning of the record Stage 2 will require, so keep it properly from the start.
Verify before you act
Migration rules, occupation lists, fees and processing times change. This post was last reviewed on 14 September 2026. Confirm current requirements with Engineers Australia, the ACS or the Department of Home Affairs before lodging anything, and seek advice from a registered migration agent (MARA) for immigration matters.
Frequently asked questions
How many Stage 1 competency elements are there?
Sixteen for both Professional Engineer and Engineering Technologist — six knowledge elements, four application elements and six professional attribute elements. Engineering Associate has a parallel set with its own wording and level.
Does every career episode need to cover all sixteen elements?
No. Coverage is assessed across all three episodes combined. Each element must appear at least once and be referenced to a specific numbered paragraph in the summary statement, but no single episode carries the whole standard.
Which element do applicants most often fail?
PE2.3, systematic engineering synthesis and design. Applicants from construction supervision, maintenance and operations backgrounds frequently have no episode containing a design they personally developed.
What is the difference between PE, ET and EA elements?
They address the same themes at different levels. PE expects original application of engineering fundamentals to complex problems; ET expects application of established technology; EA expects applied technical practice within defined procedures. Use the prefix matching your occupational category.
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